This indicator measures the total number of formal and operational coordination mechanisms—such as joint protocols, standard operating procedures, referral systems, or inter-agency agreements—that have been newly developed or substantially enhanced and are actively implemented by both correctional services and the court system.

New mechanisms refer to coordination tools or agreements introduced for the first time to promote the use of non-custodial measures.

Improved mechanisms refer to existing coordination tools or agreements that have undergone significant revisions or upgrades to increase their effectiveness, scope, or operational quality.

These mechanisms facilitate the consistent, timely, and effective application of alternative sanctions, such as probation, community service, restorative justice programs, or treatment-based options, in line with international and European standards (e.g., the UN Tokyo Rules).